{"id":934,"date":"2017-04-30T17:29:07","date_gmt":"2017-04-30T15:29:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/miroslaw.borodziuk.eu\/?p=934"},"modified":"2018-05-23T19:04:38","modified_gmt":"2018-05-23T17:04:38","slug":"interfejsy-sieciowe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/2017\/04\/30\/interfejsy-sieciowe\/","title":{"rendered":"Interfejsy sieciowe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>W starszych wersjach RHEL karty sieciowe nazywane by\u0142y automatycznie przez system <em>eth<\/em> (ethernet), <em>em<\/em> (embedded), <em>wlan<\/em> (wireless lan) i numeracja zaczyna\u0142a si\u0119 od 0 i zwi\u0119kszana by\u0142a o 1 wraz z wykrywaniem przez system nowych interfejs\u00f3w w czasie startu systemu. Je\u017celi w serwerze by\u0142o zainstalowanych kilka kart to istnia\u0142o prawdopodobie\u0144stwo zmiany numeru karty co mog\u0142o skutkowa\u0107 problemami. Pocz\u0105wszy od RHEL 7.0 domy\u015blny schemat nazewnictwa interfejs\u00f3w sieciowych oparty jest o wiele regu\u0142 okre\u015blanych przez <em>systemd<\/em> i <em>udev<\/em>, kt\u00f3re to przypisuj\u0105 kartom numery na podstawie informacji z BIOSu, topologii i po\u0142o\u017cenia karty.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Zasady wg, kt\u00f3rych nazywane s\u0105 karty sieciowe:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>zintegrowane z p\u0142yt\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 przypisywane maj\u0105 nazwy np. <em>eno1<\/em><\/li>\n<li>pod\u0142\u0105czone do magistrali PCI Express przypisywane maj\u0105 nazwy np. <em>ens2<\/em><\/li>\n<li>pod\u0142\u0105czone do magistrali PCI przypisywane maj\u0105 nazwy np. <em>enp3s0<\/em><\/li>\n<li>je\u017celi powy\u017csza zasady s\u0105 wy\u0142\u0105czone lub informacje dostarczane przez firmware\/BIOS s\u0105 nieprawid\u0142owe system przydziela karcie standardow\u0105 nazw\u0119: <em>ethX<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Pliki z konfiguracj\u0105 sieci &#8211; \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017cda karta sieciowa ma w katalogu<code> \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts<\/code> sw\u00f3j plik konfiguracyjny, kt\u00f3ry zawiera konfiguracj\u0119 IP i inne parametry. Ustawienia z tego pliku s\u0105 przypisywane karcie w momencie jej aktywacji.<\/p>\n<p>Przyk\u0142ad pliku \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0:<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>DEVICE=\"eth0\"<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>ONBOOT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>NETBOOT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>UUID=\"0764d665-dd86-4001-bdc5-3b280d32a11d\"<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6INIT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>BOOTPROTO=none<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>TYPE=Ethernet<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>NAME=\"eth0\"<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>HWADDR=52:54:00:17:91:8D<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPADDR0=192.168.0.110<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>PREFIX0=24<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>GATEWAY0=192.168.0.1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6_PEERDNS=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"> <code>IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 739px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Dyrektywa<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Opis<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>BOOTPROTO<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Spos\u00f3b uzyskania konfiguracji IP: <em>dhcp<\/em> &#8211; z serwera dhcp, <em>bootp<\/em> &#8211; bootowanie przez sie\u0107, <em>none<\/em> lub <em>static<\/em> &#8211; statyczna konfiguracja IP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>BRIDGE<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Nazwa bridga, kt\u00f3ry ma zosta\u0107 u\u017cyty.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>BROADCAST0<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Adres rozg\u0142oszeniowy dla pierwszego adresu IP na konfigurowanym interfejsie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>DEFROUTE<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Czy interfejs ma by\u0107 u\u017cyty jako trasa domy\u015blna.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>DEVICE<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Nazwa konfigurowanego interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>DNS1<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Je\u017celi dyrektywa <code>PEERDNS<\/code> ustawiona jest na <em>yes<\/em> to mo\u017cna tutaj ustawi\u0107 adres serwera DNS, kt\u00f3ry b\u0119dzie wpisany do pliku<code> \/etc\/resolv.conf<\/code>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>GATEWAY0<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">\u00a0Adres bramy dla pierwszego adresu IP na tym interfejsie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>HWADDR<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Adres sprz\u0119towy (MAC) dla interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>IPADDR0<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">\u00a0Adres IP dla interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code> IPV6INIT<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Czy w\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 obs\u0142ug\u0119 IPv6 na tym interfejsie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>NAME<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Opis interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>NETMASK0<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Maska podsieci.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>NM_CONTROLLED<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Czy <em>NetworkManager<\/em> mo\u017ce modyfikowa\u0107 ten plik konfiguracyjny.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>ONBOOT<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Czy interfejs ma by\u0107 aktywowany w trakcie uruchamiania systemu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>PEERDNS<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Je\u017celi <code>BOOTPROTO=dhcp<\/code> to czy mo\u017cna modyfikowa\u0107 plik<code> \/etc\/resolv.conf<\/code>. Domy\u015blnie <em>yes<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>USERCTL<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Czy zwykli u\u017cytkownicy mog\u0105 aktywowa\u0107 ten interfejs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>UUID<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">UUID powi\u0105zany z tym interfejsem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 124.917px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>TYPE<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 595.083px;\">Typ interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Zarz\u0105dzanie interfejsami sieciowymi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Domy\u015blnym narz\u0119dziem do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami sieciowymi w RHEL 7.0 jest <em>NetworkManager<\/em>. Demon ten dba aby skonfigurowane interfejsy by\u0142y podniesione i aktywne. Posiada takie programy klienckie jak <em>nmcli<\/em> i <em>nmtui<\/em>. Pozosta\u0142e narz\u0119dzia do administrowania interfejsami sieciowymi przedstawia tabela poni\u017cej.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 740px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Komenda<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Opis<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>ifconfig<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">Stara komenda do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami sieciowymi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>ifup \/ ifdown<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">\u00a0Aktywuje \/ deaktywuje interfejs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>\u00a0ip<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">Komenda do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami i routingiem. Zast\u0119puje przestarza\u0142e ifconfig.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>nm-connection-editor<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">\u00a0Graficzne narz\u0119dzie do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>Network Settings<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">Graficzne narz\u0119dzie do obserwowania statusu po\u0142\u0105czenia i zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><em>\u00a0 Narz\u0119dzia NetworkManager<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>nmcli<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">Komenda do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 173.667px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>nmtiu<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 549.333px;\">Komenda tekstowa do zarz\u0105dzania interfejsami<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Narz\u0119dzia <em>nmcli<\/em> operuje na pi\u0119ciu obiektach: <em>connection<\/em>, device, <em>general<\/em>, <em>networking<\/em>, <em>radio<\/em>. U\u017cywane wraz z komend\u0105<em> nmcli<\/em> nazwy obiekt\u00f3w mog\u0105 by\u0107 skracane, np. obiekt <em>connection<\/em> mo\u017ce by\u0107 skr\u00f3cony do\u00a0 &#8216;<em>c<\/em>&#8216;, a obiekt <em>device<\/em> do &#8216;<em>d<\/em>&#8216;. Tabela poni\u017cej przedstawia opcje dw\u00f3ch najwa\u017cniejszych dla nas\u00a0 obiekt\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 743px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Obiekt<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Opis<\/em><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 723px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">connection \u00a0<\/span> &#8211; <\/em>\u00a0 aktywuje, deaktywuje i administruje po\u0142\u0105czeniami sieciowymi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>show<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Listuje profile po\u0142\u0105czenia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>up \/ down<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Aktywuje \/ deaktywuje po\u0142\u0105czenie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>add<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Dodaje po\u0142\u0105czenie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>edit<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Edytuje istniej\u0105ce po\u0142\u0105czenie lub dodaje nowe.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>modify<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Modyfikuje jedno lub wi\u0119cej w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci w profilu po\u0142\u0105czenia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>delete<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Kasuje po\u0142\u0105czenie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>reload<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Czyta ponownie pliki konfiguracyjne wszystkich interfejs\u00f3w.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><code>load<\/code><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Czyta ponownie plik konfiguracyjny konkretnego interfejsu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 723px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>device<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0 wy\u015bwietla informacje\u00a0 i administruje interfejsem sieciowym<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><code><span style=\"color: #008000;\">status<\/span><\/code><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Wy\u015bwietla status urz\u0105dzenia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 144.217px;\"><code><span style=\"color: #008000;\">show<\/span><\/code><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 578.783px;\">Wy\u015bwietla dok\u0142adne informacje o wszystkich lub o wybranych interfejsach.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0106wiczenie 1. R\u0119czna konfiguracja i aktywacja interfejsu sieciowego.<\/p>\n<p>Szukamy nowego interfejsu sieciowego, kt\u00f3ry nie ma przypisanego adresu IP:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> \u2026\u2026 . .<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> 3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> link\/ether 52:54:00:39:16:9a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> The output indicates the presence ofa new interface by the name eth1.<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Karcie sieciowej eth1 przypisujemy addres IP 192.168.0.111\/24:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr add 192.168.0.111\/24 broadcast 192.168.0.255 dev eth1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Sprawdzamy czy adres IP zosta\u0142 przypisany:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> 3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> link\/ether 52:54:00:39:16:9a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> inet 192.168.0.111\/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> At this point, ifyou reboot server1, this IP information will be lost. You need to configure the<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> settings in a file for persistence.<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Kopiujemy plik<code> ifcfg-eth0<\/code> jako plik<code> ifcfg-eth1<\/code> w katalogu <code>\/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts<\/code>:<br \/>\n<code># cd \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts<\/code><br \/>\n<code> # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Otwieramy i edytujemy plik<code> ifcfg-eth1<\/code>:<\/p>\n<p><code># vi ifcfg-eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> DEVICE=\"eth1\"<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> ONBOOT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> NETBOOT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6INIT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> BOOTPROTO=none<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> TYPE=Ethernet<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> NAME=\"eth1\"<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPADDR0=192.168.0.111<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> PREFIX0=24<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> GATEWAY0=192.168.0.1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> HWADDR=52:54:00:39:16:9A<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6_PEERDNS=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Deaktywujemy i aktywujemy interfejs:<br \/>\n<code># ifdown eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<code> # ifup eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: \/org\/freedesktop\/NetworkManager\/ActiveConnection\/2)<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Restartujemy system:<br \/>\n<code># reboot<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Weryfikujemy konfiguracj\u0119:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> 3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> link\/ether 52:54:00:39:16:9a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> inet 192.168.0.111\/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Do pliku <em>\/etc\/host<\/em> dodajemy nazw\u0119 domenow\u0105 naszego nowo skonfigurowanego hosta:<br \/>\n<code># vi \/etc\/hosts<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code> 192.168.0.111 server1ipv4.example.com server1ipv4<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0106wiczenie 2. Konfiguracja i aktywacja karty sieciowej przy pomocy NetworkManagera.<\/p>\n<p>Sprawdzamy status NetworkManagera:<br \/>\n<code># systemctl status NetworkManager<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>NetworkManager.service - Network Manager<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>Loaded: loaded (\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/NetworkManager.service; enabled)<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>Active: active (running) since Mon 2014-11-17 11:00:52 EST; 28min ago<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>\u2026\u2026 . .<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Szukamy nowego interfejsu bez adresu IP:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>\u2026\u2026 . .<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>link\/ether 52:54:00:96:13:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>The output indicates the presence ofa new interface by the name eth1.<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Listujemy wszystkie skonfigurowane interfejsy na serwerze:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli con show<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Sprawdzamy status wszystkich dost\u0119pnych interfejs\u00f3w na serwerze:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli dev show<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Konfigurujemy kart\u0119 <em>eth1<\/em>, addres IP 192.168.0.121\/24, brama 192.168.0.1:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli con add type Ethernet ifname eth1 con-name eth1 ip4 192.168.0.121\/24 \\ gw4<\/code><code> 192.168.0.1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>Connection 'eth1' (7f365451-fd33-44f0-bffb-45de70d06fe0) successfully added.<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>The nmcli command has added the new interface and has activated it. In addition, it has created<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>the ifcfg-eth1 file in the \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts directory with all necessary directives.<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sprawdzamy nowe po\u0142\u0105czenie i konfiguracj\u0119 IP:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>\u2026\u2026 . .<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>link\/ether 52:54:00:96:13:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>inet 192.168.0.121\/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe96:1358\/64 scope link<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Sprawdzamy zawarto\u015b\u0107 pliku ifcfg-eth1:<br \/>\n<code># cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>TYPE=Ethernet<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>BOOTPROTO=none<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPADDR0=192.168.0.121<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>PREFIX0=24<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>GATEWAY0=192.168.0.1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6INIT=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6_PEERDNS=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>NAME=eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>UUID=7f365451-fd33-44f0-bffb-45de70d06fe0<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>DEVICE=eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>ONBOOT=yes<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Informacje o\u00a0 po\u0142\u0105czeniu dla karty eth1:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli con show | grep eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>eth1 7f365451-fd33-44f0-bffb-45de70d06fe0 802-3-ethernet eth1<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Wy\u015bwietlamy status po\u0142\u0105czenia eth1:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli dev status | grep eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>eth1 ethernet connected eth1<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Deaktywujemy i ponownie aktywujemy eth1:<br \/>\n<code># nmcli con down id eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<code># nmcli con up id eth1<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: \/org\/freedesktop\/NetworkManager\/ActiveConnection\/3)<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>restartujemy system<br \/>\n<code># reboot<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Spradzamy po restarcie konfiguracj\u0119 IP:<br \/>\n<code># ip addr<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>\u2026\u2026 . .<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>3: eth1: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>link\/ether 52:54:00:96:13:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>inet 192.168.0.121\/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth1<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe96:1358\/64 scope link<\/code><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Edytujemy plik \/etc\/hosts<br \/>\n<code># vi \/etc\/hosts<\/code><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><code>192.168.0.121 server2-eth1.example.com server2-eth1<\/code><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>W starszych wersjach RHEL karty sieciowe nazywane by\u0142y automatycznie przez system eth (ethernet), em (embedded), wlan (wireless lan) i numeracja zaczyna\u0142a si\u0119 od 0 i zwi\u0119kszana by\u0142a o 1 wraz z wykrywaniem przez system nowych interfejs\u00f3w w czasie startu systemu. Je\u017celi w serwerze by\u0142o zainstalowanych kilka kart to istnia\u0142o prawdopodobie\u0144stwo zmiany numeru karty co mog\u0142o &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/2017\/04\/30\/interfejsy-sieciowe\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Interfejsy sieciowe&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2133,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/934"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=934"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/934\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1197,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/934\/revisions\/1197"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/miro.borodziuk.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}